Web Designer Interview Questions and Answers for 2024 ( Beginner Part )

 Web Designer Interview Questions and Answers for 2024

Beginner

 

Web Designer Interview Questions and Answers for 2024  ( Beginner Part )

1.      What is HTML5?

 

HTML is the most used markup language for building websites and apps. HTML5, or Hypertext Markup Language 5, is the 5th version of it. Using this latest version, people can develop more complex websites and advanced applications that run in the browser without having to install browser plugins or software locally. We can now create animations, embed audio and videos in websites, and perform a lot more with new semantic elements. 

Perks of HTML5: 

• Reduces overlap between HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. 
• More responsive web design. 
• New semantic elements like <header>, <section>, <figure>, <mark>, etc. 
• Persistent local storage. 
• Multimedia support without Flash or plugins. 
• Server-sent events. 
• WebSocket. 
• Geolocation. 
• Drag and drop facility. 

 

 

2.      Do you know about the most common languages used for web designing?

 

Expect to come across this popular question in junior web designer interview questions. HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP are commonly used languages for web designing. 

• HTML: HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) helps us build the codes required to structure a complete website, including its content. 
• CSS: CSS or Cascading Style Sheets is widely used to change the overall look of web pages. We can also create layouts with it. 
• JavaScript: This programming language is used to make any website responsive. 
• PHP: ‘PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor’ is an open-source scripting language widely used for creating dynamic websites and web applications. Unlike HTML, it runs on the server side. 

 

 

3.      Explain Responsive Web Design. Why is it important?

 

This is a frequently asked question in web designer interview questions. Responsive web design is the one that fits the webpage across screens with different resolutions. Responsive pages adapt the size of the screen without losing any details on the page and provide an optimal viewing experience with zero distortion. To build a responsive website, both HTML and CSS will be required to run on the client side.

Responsive web design is important because internet users view web pages on different devices. If a page doesn't offer a good experience, visitors will navigate away, which will increase the bounce rate of the website. Practice more responsive web design interview questions to ace this aspect of web designing.

 

 

4.      What jQuery functions are used in web designing?

 

jQuery functions eases JavaScript usage while making a website responsive. jQuery is a JavaScript library with a handful of pre-build functions that help you easily customize web page designs, add animations, and do much more while writing less code. Some important jQuery functions to know: 

• Toggle function. 
• Hide and show functions. 
• slideUp and slideDown functions. 
• fadeOut and fadeIn functions. 
• slideToggle function. 
• fadeToggle function. 
• Animate function. 
• Image replacement gallery. 
• Chainable transition function. 

 

 

5.      HTML tags vs HTML elements- Explain the difference.

 

HTML tags work like keywords that define how the content (HTML element) will be interpreted by the web browser in order to format and display it. With the help of these tags, a web browser can differentiate between simple and HTML content. HTML tags must be enclosed with '<' and '>'. 

HTML tag examples: <h1>, </h1>, <p>, </p>, <b>, <i>, etc. 

An HTML element is a component of an HTML file that encloses attributes with a start and end tag. An HTML document is made of elements. 

HTML element examples: <p>Hello world!!!</p>, <h1>Web page</h1>, etc.

 

 

6.      What do you know about the Standard Mode and Quirks Mode?

 

Web browsers have developed two modes, known as Standards mode and Quirks mode. These modes differentiate how web browsers handle new standards-compliant sites vs. older legacy sites. Browser layout engines now cooperate in one of three modes: quirks mode, almost standards mode, or full standards mode. 

• Quirks Mode: Many web browsers utilize a method called "Quirks mode" to display non-standards-compliant content so that it displays correctly on older browsers. Our page is likely running without a type declaration because the browser is attempting to interpret 'best guess' in Quirks mode, which is combined with a broad knowledge of code that may not be properly organized, non-standard, or written ineffectively. Quirks mode is basically just Internet Explorer 5 backward compatibility. 
• Almost Standards Mode: HTML and CSS standards require the use of the "standards mode," which is by default available in most modern web browsers. It renders HTML and CSS according to their respective DOCTYPEs. It performs syntax checks according to the DOCTYPE declared in the W3C Standard. A properly structured code is welcomed, and the desired actions are carried out. 
• Full Standard Mode: A further compatibility option, called full standard mode or strict mode, which implements a single non-standard behavior for table cell sizes while otherwise adhering to the requirements. 

 

 

7.      Explain the benefits of CSS files for web designers.

 

The way programmers have been modularizing software code for years, we can modularize our websites by using CSS. When our website's code is modularized, it is simpler to keep the design looking fresh and running smoothly. CSS is the current recommended practice and has been for a while. 

• Superior design uniformity. 
• Less difficult to keep up to date and maintain. 
• Simple syntax. 
• Expanded presentation choices. 
• Advantages of Search Engine Optimization. 
• Simplified access. 
• Convenience in adapting presentations to various audiences. 
• Increased download speeds.

 

 

8.      How to write an error message? 

 

Error messages should be brief and to the point to serve their purpose as a warning. For such communications to be promptly understood by the intended recipient, the language used should be straightforward while not eliciting any panic. Readers should not get too alarmed by the message. In theory, error messages should be able to give solutions to that problem. 

Here are some characteristics of a helpful error message: 

• Clearly state that there is an issue. 
• Describe the issue that we are encountering. 
• Try to think of a way to help the user finish the task. 
• Tell them where to get assistance. 
• Do not define the error as a problem. 

 

 

9.      What are media queries in CSS3?

 

Knowledge of media queries is an important technical interview question for UI/UX designers. It is a common practice to use media queries to provide a unique style sheet for each device type, such as laptops, tablets, desktops, and smartphones (iPhone and Android). 

The notion of media types in CSS2 is expanded in CSS3 with the addition of media queries. Earlier, only the type of device was determined, but now, the device's capability is determined with media queries. 

One of the numerous things that media inquiries may check for is: 

• Viewport's height and width. 
• Device width and height. 
• Resolution. 
• Orientation (whether it's a tablet or phone in portrait or landscape). 

 

 

10.   How to write a background color in HTML?

 

Code for adding background color is one of the essential interview questions and answers for UI/UX designers. With the below code, we can add a background color in HTML- 

<body style=”background-color:x”> [Replace 'x' with the color code want to add.] 

 

 

11.   What is z-index in CSS?

 

The CSS attribute z-index determines the stacking sequence of adjacent HTML elements. In this arrangement, higher-indexed components will be stacked on top of lower-indexed ones. We must keep in mind that the Z index only applies to positioned items, i.e., position: relative, position: absolute, or position: fixed.

z-index example:

div {

position: fixed;

left: 20px;

top: 15px;

z-index: -1;

}

 

12.   What are the newly added input types in HTML5?

 

HTML has had a plethora of changes in the past years, all to elevate user experience and write codes easier. Input types are introduced to make the website forms more interactive. Here are some of the input types: 

• DateTime 
• date 
• color 
• time 
• week 
• DateTime-local 
• month 
• tel 
• email 
• URL 
• range 
• search 
• number 

 

13.  What elements support media content in HTML5?

 

There are five elements present in HTML5 that support media. The elements are- <audio>, <track>, <source>, <video>, and <embed>.

 

 

14.  What is the use of Canvas in HTML?

 

On-the-go image creation is possible using JavaScript and the HTML <canvas> element. The <canvas> element serves just as a container. To create the visuals, we will need to utilize JavaScript. Whether we are looking to create a path, circle, box, some text, or even an image- <canvas> is a helpful option. 

 

 

15.  What is the difference between Canvas and SVG?

 

This a common question in web designer interviews, don't miss this one. When it comes to defining 2D graphics in XML, SVG is the language of choice. Canvas generates 2D images in real-time using JavaScript. Because SVG is an XML-based format, all DOM elements are accessible inside the SVG context. The element may have event handlers attached to it in JavaScript.

Canvas	SVG
Dependent on Resolution.	It works with any resolution.
Subpar text rendering capability.	The optimal use case involves vast rendering regions like Google Maps.
Zero event handlers support.	Help is available for implementing responders to event handlers.
Well suited for games with extensive visuals.	Cannot be used in any kind of gaming context.
The final picture may be saved as a .png or .jpg.	Inefficient if complex DOM (Document Object Model) is involved.

 

 

 

16.  How to reduce the page loading time?

 

The speed at which a website's pages load depends on different variables. However, a few measures may be taken to cut down significantly on it. Whenever we are optimizing page loading time, consider the following: 

• It is important to optimize and compress our photos. 
• Select a hosting platform that enables optimal performance. 
• Store copies of our web pages in a cache. 
• Use fewer redirects. 
• CSS and JavaScript files should be loaded asynchronously and with defer attributes. 
• Turn on caching in the browser. 
• Use a CDN (Content Delivery Network). 
• Reduce the size of our HTML, JavaScript, and CSS files. 
• Remove unnecessary plugins. 

 

 

17.  How to align the relative positioning of two pictures?

 

Using the align declaration in the IMG SRC tag, we can adjust the relative positioning of the images. 

Align comment: 

< IMG SRC = "http://www.xyz.com/chguy.gif" align=top > 

Alternatively, use align=top or align=middle/bottom.

 

 

18.  Explain the different types of CSS.

 

Currently, there are three primary varieties of CSS: 

• Inline CSS: When an HTML element has a CSS property, it is said to use inline CSS. This property is often located in the body section. The style property of an HTML tag is used to provide the type of style. 
• Embedded CSS: This comes in handy whenever a single HTML file has to have its formatting handled in a certain way. The CSS rules must be included in the HTML file's head section; in other words, the CSS must be embedded in the HTML document using the <style> tag. 
• External CSS: An external style sheet contains the style properties for a given element stored in a separate CSS file using tag attributes such as id, class, header, etc. Properties defined in a style sheet (.css) file are referenced from an HTML page through the link tag. Because of this, we only need to define a style for an element once, and it will be used consistently across an entire website. 

 

 

19.  What is Client-Server Architecture?

 

In a client-server architecture, the server acts as a central hub for all of the system's resources and services, while clients access them through the web and perform various tasks under the server's direction.

The client makes an information query to the server over the web. The request is received, processed, and then returned to the client by the server. Several users may connect to the server at once. In addition, a client can also establish connections with numerous servers at once, with each server offering unique client services.

 

 

 

20.  What is grouping in CSS3?

 

Yet another basic web design interview question that discusses grouping in CSS3. Code can be shortened, and websites can load more quickly by grouping similar elements together. It's an approach to making our code easier to understand and use. We may go more granular in our programming with the assistance of grouping. When used, the grouping selector will pick all of the HTML components that have similar style specifications. To reduce the amount of code, it is recommended that the selectors be grouped together. A comma may be used to break selections into groups. 

Grouping example: #grouped g, ul { padding-top: 40px; margin: 1; }

 

 

 

 

 

21.  What are the most common issues in website design?

 

It's no surprise that this one pops up often in website design interview questions. Any basic, intermediate, or advanced-level designer may face problems with website design. Here are the most common problems that we may face anytime: 

• Using outdated web design. 
• Poor tracking, kerning and leading. 
• Scattered website navigation. 
• Outdated SEO strategies. 
• Unmatched color schemes. 
• Complicated user journey. 
• Unoptimized use of images, colors, and icons. 
• Not using the right font. 
• Poor content quality. 
• Nonconformity in fonts can distract visitors. 
• Inaccessible contact details. 
• Usage of generic stock photos. 
• Slow upload time. 
• Unclear and poor-quality images. 
• Unresponsive design. 

 

 

 

22.  What is the use of WebKit in CSS3?

 

In the cascading style sheet (CSS) syntax, WebKit refers to the rendering engine utilized by Safari and Chrome. It is the brains behind our favorite web browser. WebKit code may have to be included in CSS for proper rendering across browsers. 

We should note that the WebKit CSS styles are not supported by Internet Explorer, Firefox, or Opera (though Firefox has its own extensions, which are quite similar). To use the CSS WebKit prefixed styles, a browser must use the WebKit rendering engine. 

 

23.  What are child selectors in CSS?

 

Using the Child Selector, we may get all the components that are children of a certain element. As so, it reveals the connection between the two entities. When used on a given parent, the 'element > element selector' will select all the element's children. The parent component is the element to the left of the sign >, and the child component is the element to the right. 

Example: Suppose the HTML tag <ul> is used within a paragraph. Now, the ‘ul’ tag is considered a child of the element ‘paragraph’. To implement this in CSS, the following syntax is used: 

p > ul { font-size:30px; } 

 

 

 

24.  How does CSS3 implement rounded borders?

 

The <border-radius> attribute in CSS3 enables developers to give their elements smooth, rounded edges. This is readily adaptable to cover any angle on either side. 

Border-bottom-right-radius, border-bottom-left-radius, border-top-right-radius, and border-top-left-radius allow us to choose individual values for every one of the four corners. Alternatively, we may make each corner elliptical by giving it a number for two different radii (arc-shaped).

 

 

 

 

 

25.  What is pagination? How can pagination be done?

 

Pagination is the way users may navigate between individual results pages by clicking on "previous", "next," or specific page numbers. 

The page picker on an online store is a straightforward example since it enables customers to see the items over numerous pages without repeatedly scrolling. 

This is readily accomplished with the following CSS3 code: 

/* Pagination links */ 

.pagination a { 

  color: red; 

  float: left; 

  padding: 10px 20px; 

  text-decoration: none; 

  transition: background-color .2s; 

} 

/* Style the active/current link */ 

.pagination a.active { 

  background-color: dodgerblue; 

  color: white; 

} 

/* Add a black background color on mouse-over */ 

.pagination a:hover:not(.active) {background-color: #ddd;}